Jacquard-machine for looms.



No. 770,258. PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904. G. H. BROWN, W. R. MOMURRAY & M.O. ANDREWS. JAGQUARD MACHINE FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

7 No. 770,258. PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904.

- G. H. BROWN, W. R. MOMURRAY & M. C. ANDREWS.

JACQUARD MACHINE FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

No. 770,258. I PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904.

G. H. BROWN, W. R. MGMURRAY & M. G. ANDREWS.

JAGQUARD MACHINE FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

N0 MODEL. ESHEETS-SIZEET 3.

Wdfiwssea- D Eu/enfori G MM. 5; m-

wax V42 No. 770,258. PATBNTED SEPT. 20, 1904.

G. H; BROWN, W. R. MGMURRAY & M. ,0. ANDREWS. I

JAOQUARD MACHINE FOR LOOMS.

7 APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

N0 MODEL, 5 SHEBTSSHEBT 4.

No. 770,258. PATENTED SEPT. 20, 1904. G. H. BROWN, W. R. MGMURRAY & M.G. ANDREWS. JAGQUARD MACHINE FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

N0 MODEL. I 5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

\UNITED STATES Patented September 20, 1904.

PATENT FFIQE.

GEORGE HERBERT BROWN, WILLIAM RICHEY MOMURRAY, AND MICHAEL (JORBETANDREWS, OF BELFAST, IRELAND.

JACQUARD-IVIACHIN E FOR LOOIVIS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 770,258, ated September20, 1904. Application filed June 20, 1902. Serial No. 112,513. (Nomodel.)

To It whom, zit may concern.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE HERBERT BROWN, linen manufacturer, WILLIAMRIoHEY MoMURRAY, linen manufacturer, and MICHAEL CoRBE'r ANDREWS,manager, subjects of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, of RoyalUlster Works, Belfast, Ireland, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Jacquard Mechanism for Looms, (for which we haveobtained a patent in Great Britain and Ireland, numbered 23,697 anddated November 22, 1901,) of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to jacquard-machines and apparatus connectedtherewith, and has for its object the production of what is known as adrop-repeat design in damasks and other figured fabrics which are wovenwith more than one repeat of the pattern in the width.

The invention comprises a special jacquardmachine having a specialarrangement of cords or leashes in the harness or mounting of the loomand a painted design and a method of working the pattern-cards upon thejac- 2 5 quard-machine.

The jacquard may be of any type, either single or double acting lift,with either single or double acting cylinders, cross-bordering,twilling, or the like.

0 Referring to the drawings which form a part of this specification,Figure 1 represents diagrammatically a vertical section of the inventionas applied to a jacquard-machine with single-acting lift and withsingle-acting cylin- 3 5 ders. Fig. 2 shows the design required to bepainted and transferred to the pattern-cards for the pattern shown onthe piece in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows the invention applied to a jacquardfitted with double-acting lift and cylinders. Fig. 4 shows the inventionapplied to one form of cross-border jacquard. Fig. 5 shows the inventionwith one cylinder only working an ordinary straight repeat (using onecylinder only) on the cross-border side of the jacquard. (Shown in Fig.4.) Fig. 6 shows the pattern arranged to work with a drop of one-thirdthe length of its repeat. Fig. 7 shows the invention applied to asingleacting jacquard working a straight repeat of double the ordinarywidth. 5

According to this invention the four rows of horizontal needles (Z' 6Z2(Z d" and p 79 9 12* shown in each of the two sets govern the eight rowsof vertical hooks a a a c and 6 Z1 6 6 in the usual manner by means ofthe 5 5 ordinary loop or crank. Any number of rows of hooks and needlesmay be employed, and each set of needles is provided with its own faceor needle plate, back grate, spring-box or spring-board, and all theordinary fittings 6o usually employed. The lifting-knives G are ofordinary pattern and are mounted in a frame which is given avertically-reciprocating motion to the extent required for the shed ordraft of the harness-cords and warpthreads.

The card-cylinders A and B in the singleacting-cylinder jacquard aremounted each with its own ordinary fittings one above the other, butboth in one frame, to which is given a swinging orhoriZontally-reciprocating motion. The cylinders may be each one turnedseparately by means of the usual catches, or one alone may be turned bythis means, the other being connected to the first by means of bands,chains, or the like, so that they turn together and in the samedirection. The card upon the face of the cylinder A acts upon theneedles d (Z d (1*, and these needles govern, respectively, the hooks aa a (4*. The card upon the face of the cylinder B acts upon the needlesp p p p, which govern the alternate rows of hooks b 6 I2 If in the sameway. The cords or leashes of the harness or mounting are shown, Fig. 1,tied down for a lift-over repeat; butany convenientstyle of harnessingmay be employed. For convenience the harness and cloth are shown withone-quarter turn relatively to the jacquard machine and cards, and, asshown, 9 the cards would hang over one side of the loom; but the harnessmay be so arranged that the cards hang either over the back or thefront. The cords from the books a 0 0 are tied down to repeats I III Vof the harness, while the cords from the alternate rows of hooks I) b b1/ are tied down to the alternate repeats II IV VI of the harness. Mailsand lingoes, as usual, are attached to the harness-cords, and thewarp-threads are drawn into them as desired. The result of thisarrangement of machine and harness is that the design in the repeats IIII V is governed by the cards acting on the face of the cylinder A,while the design in the alternate repeats II IV VI is governed by thecards acting on the face of the cylinder B. The design is arranged onthe drop-repeat principle, in which the pattern does not repeat itselfstraight across the width of the fabric, as in a straight repeat,but hasevery alternate repeat displaced lengthwise for a certain portion of itslength, usually one-half.

Fig. 2 shows the whole quantity of design necessary to be painted andtransferred to the pattern-cards for the pattern shown on the cloth atFig. 1 ,which is dropped one-half length of the repeat. The full repeatis so arranged that if there be, say, eight hundred cards in itscomplete length, then taking X X as the lefthand edge and Y Y as theright-hand edge in Fig. 2 cards Nos. 1 to L00 on X X will join withcards Nos. 4:01 to 800 on Y Y and cards Nos. 101 to 800 on edge X X willjoin with card Nos. 1 to 4:00 on edgeYY. Thelast edge of the repeat X Yjoins with the first edge X Y of the next repeat in the ordinary way.This arrangement of the design allows the whole pattern to be completed,as shown in the cloth in Fig. 1, if while card No. 1 is governing theweave on any one repeat card No. 401 is governing the weave on the twoadjacent repeats upon the right and left hand of the first repeat, andin the same way when card No. 401 is governing the weave on thefirst-mentioned repeat card No. 1 is governing the weave on the adjacentrepeats, and so on in the same way in regular rotation with all theintermediate cards. Thus to complete the pattern when designed in thismanner the card which is governing the weave in any set of alternaterepeats must be always one-half the total number (in this case fourhundred) of cards ahead of the card which is governing the weave on theother set of alternate repeats. Thus card No. 1 is governing repeatsNos. I III V,while card No. 101 is governing repeats Nos. II IV VI; cardNo. 100 is governing repeats Nos. I III V, while card No. 800 isgoverning repeats Nos. II IV VI; card No. 101 is governing repeats Nos.I III V, while card No. 1 is governing repeats Nos. II IV VI; card No.800 is governing repeats Nos. I III V, while card No. 401 is governingrepeats Nos. II IV VI. The pattern-cards are punched from the painteddesign and laced together in any of the ordinary ways. The card-carriersD and E are arranged in two sets, above the other. The cards are shownplaced on the carriers so that each bears one-half of the complete setof cards necessary for the repeat; but they may be divided thereon inany other given definite proportion for which the design has beenarranged. I/Vhen working, one or more cards are turned in eitherdirection for every complete stroke of the cylinder-mounting or one cardis turned for any other number of strokes of the same as may berequired, both the cylinders being turned at the same time.

The cards are guided by rollers or other guides, and in working theypass upward from the outside of the bottom carrier E and round the topcylinder A, returning to the outside of the top carrrier I). They passfrom the inside of this carrier D upward and round the bottom cylinder Band thence downward to the inside of the bottom carrier E, from the backof which they are ready to pass again through the same or othersequence. The direction of the cards when working as described isindicated in the figure by arrows;

but this direction may be reversed at any desired point.

The design is so arranged as to be completed by an even number ofpattern-cards, and these are placed upon the card-carriers and passedround the cylinders of the jacquard-machine, as just described, so thatthere are exactly onehalf of the total number of cards counting from thecard on the face of the cylinder A to the card on the face of thecylinder B and also one-half of the total cards counting from the cardon the face of the cylinder B to the card on the face of the cylinder A,counting in the same direction as before along the cards as laced. Thusif there be eight hundred cards in the complete repeat of the patternthe cards will be arranged as shown in the figure, so that card No. 1 ison the face of the cylinder A and card No. 401 is on the face of thecylinder B. As the two cylinders are actuated and revolvedsimultaneously, the cards will retain the same position relatively toone another and to the cylinders and card-carriers during the working ofthe whole repeat and until such time as they again return into theiroriginal position-that is to say, the cardson the cylinder B will alwaysbe four hundred numbers in advance of the card on the cylinder Acounting in cyclic order round the entire set and beginning again at No.1 immediately after No. 800. Thus when card No. 1 is on cylinder A cardNo. 401 will be on cylinder B; when card No. 400 is on cylinder A, cardNo. 800 will be on cylinder B; when card No. 401 is on cylinder A, cardNo. 1 will be on cylinder B; when card No. 800 is on cylinder A,

card N o. L00 will be on cylinder B, and so on.

By the whole arrangement of jacquard-harness, design, and cards it willbe seen that card No. 1 on cylinder A governs the pattern one verticallyin repeats I III V at the same time that card No. 101 on the cylinder Bgoverns the pattern in the alternate repeats II IV VI, and in the sameway card No. 1 on cylinder A governs repeats I III V at same time thatcard N o. 400 on cylinder B governs repeats II IV VI, card No. 400 oncylinder A governs repeats I III V at same time that card No. 800 oncylinder B governs repeats II IV VI, card No. 401 on cylinder A governsrepeats I III V at same time that card N o. 1 on cylinderB governsrepeats II IV VI, card No. 800 on cylinder A governs repeats I III V atsame time that card No. 400 on cylinder B governs repeats II IV VI,which conforms with the conditions described as necessary for theproduction of a half-dropped repeat in the pattern, so that the resultof the complete arrangement is to produce that effect in the fabric.

For convenience in working, and more especially to enable the cards tobe adjusted with ease and accuracy upon the cylinders in case theybecome disarranged, the set of cards may be numbered in the followingmanner: Start with the first card of the repeat and number it No. l andcontinue numbering the cards in regular sequence for one-half the totalnumber of cards required in the set. Then commence again at No. 1 andcontinue in regular sequence to the end of the repeat, finishing on thesame number as in the first half; but in numbering the second halfdistinguish each card from the one bearing the same number in the firsthalf by means of some special mark say Thus the cards in the repeatmentioned above would be numbered from No. 1 to No. 400 and then fromNo. 1 to No. 400*, thus making up the total set of eight hundred cards.By following this method of numbering it will be seen that a cardbearing the same number will always appear at the same time upon thecorresponding faces of the two cylinders; but the one will bedistinguished from the other by its special mark. Thus in the specifiedrepeat of eight hundred cards while the plain numbers from 1 to 400 areworking on the cylinder A the marked numbers from 1 to 400 will beworking number for number on the cylinder B. The plain cards on thecylinderA will be followed in regular sequence "by the marked numbers,and at the same time the marked numbers on the cylinder B will befollowed by the plain numbers thus: card No. 1, cylinder A, 1 cylinderB; card No. A00, cylinder A, 4:00 cylinder B; card No. 1*, cylinder A, 1cylinder B; card No. 400 cylinder A, 4:00 cylinder B, and so on, againand again.

In the following diagrams are shown a few of the other applications ofthe invention to jacquards of other types. The principle is the same asfor that already described; but the arrangements are varied to suit thevarious classes of jacquards. In the diagrams the same letters have beenused throughout for the same parts as in the first figure.

Fig. 3 shows the invention applied to a jacquard fitted withdouble-acting lift and double-acting cylinders. The four cylinders areshown at A A B B, the lifting-knives at C C, and the card-carriers at DD E E. In this case the cylinders are fitted in pairs either to each endof a reciprocating slide or to two swing-battens. The hooks are each onegoverned by a needle in the order usually employed in jacquards of thisclass, only there are double the ordinary number of hooks and alsodouble the ordinary number of needles. The hooks and needles governed bythe card on the face of the cylinders A and A are arranged in the samemanner as in an ordinary jacquard of this class, as are also the hooksand needles governed by the cards on the faces of the cylinders B B. Therows of hooks are coupled together in pairs, as is usual in double-liftmachines, the hooks a and a being connected, also hooks t and b, thehooks a and a Z2 and b and so on. The cords of theharness are connectedto these neck-cords and are tied down in any convenient sequence,following the same method described in Fig. 1, all the cords from theneck-cords connecting the hooks a a, a a a a and a a being tied down tothe repeats I III V, while the cords from the neckcords connecting thebooks I) b, b 5 6 b and I) Z) are tied in the same or other sequence tothe alternate repeats II IV VI. The painted design is prepared inexactly the same manner as that already described. The cards are lacedin two sets as ordinary for double-acting-cylinder jacquards, the cardsbearing odd numbers being laced together in one set, while the alternatecards bearing even numbers are laced together in a separate set. One ofthese sets is put up on one side of the jacquard on the carriers D and Ein exactly the same manner as that described for Fig.1, the other setbeing put up in the same way on the other side of the jacquard on thecarriers D and E. The cards in working follow on either side exactly thesame path as described, the cylinders on either side beingsimultaneously actuated and alternately with those on theother side, andso being turned alternately the cards from either side are taken fromtheir respective carriers alternately. The jacquard is worked in theordinary way for this class of machine, the two sets of lifting-knives Cand C being reciprocated vertically and alternately with one another,the cylinders on each side being also reciprocated horizontally andalternately with one another in such a manner that the cards on thecylinders A B on the one side select the hooks to be raised by thelifting-knives C, while the cards on the cylinders A and B select thehooks to be raised by the lifting-knives C.

Fig. 4 shows the invention applied to one form of cross border jacquard.In this jacquard While the lift remains double-acting all the time andthe same lifting-knives and hooks are in use all the time the cylinderson either side of the machine may be set of cards is brought into work,which can be done by means of changing mechanism. This is veryconvenient for the working of fabrics which are required to have adistinct cross or end border and for other purposes of the like nature.The two sides of the machine may be considered each separately asworking as a double-lift single-acting-cylinder jacquard, the cylinderson the one side, A and B, acting in the ordinary manner, while thecylinders on the other side, A and B, act when required upon the samehooks through the medium of the short needles, levers, and fulcrum-bars,as shown. The two sets of cards are cut from separate designs, and eachset is put up and worked on one side of the machine in exactly the samemanner as described in Fig. 1, thereby producing the dropped-repeateffect in both the sets of design employed, as indicated in Fig. 4:.

By altering the arrangement of levers and fulcrum-bars and using onlyone cylinder on the right-hand side of the cross-bordering jacquardshown in Fig. 4: the machine may be used to work an ordinary straightrepeat in the fabric while the cylinder and cards on this side are inwork, while it still produces a dropped-repeat efl'iect when the cardsand cylinders on the other side are in work. The arrangement is shown inFig. 5, which shows the special side of the machine to an enlargedscale. The cylinder B is shown removed, (dotted lines;) but it isimmaterial which of the two is so removed. Two eyes instead of only oneare formed in each of the short or subsidiary needles. These eyes arelettered c d, 0 01 ,0 0Z 0 al The levers passing through the eyes 0 0 0c also pass through the eyes a e e e in the top set of the long mainneedles of the jacquard exactly as in Fig. 4:. The levers passingthrough the eyes cl (Z? (Z cl, also pass through the eyes f f 3 4 in thelower set of long or main needles.

Each of the levers in each set turns about a fulcrum-bar, of which thereare two sets, 9 g g g for the top set of needles and it if b h" for thebottom set in the usual manner. The leverage of each row of levers is soarranged that whenever the cards on the cylinder A press any of theshort needles the amount of motion communicated to the hooks of themachine is suflicient to clear their top gibs or hooks from thelifting-knives when they rise. The cards being cut from an ordinarystraight-repeat design are laced together in one set and placed upon asingle carrier D and worked round the cylinder A in the usual manner. Itwill be seen that the cards on cylinder A govern all the hooks in themachine. Hence they govern the weave in all machine may be used to worka drop-repeated design whenever it is required.

In any acquard used to work a drop repeat, 1f it be desired to producean ordinary straight repeat this may be done without any alteration ofthe jacquard itself or of the harness by painting a straight repeat ofdouble the ordinary width and cutting it on two sets of cards, one settaking all the pattern on one side of the design from one edge up to themiddle line and the other set taking the pattern from the other edge upto the middle line.

' These two sets of cards are laced in two distinct sets and are put upon two sets of cardcarriers, as shown in Fig. 7, D and E, one behind theother. The set from the back carrier E are worked round the top cylinderA and those from the front carrier D round the bottom cylinder B, bothin the ordinary manner, the cards on cylinderA governing the design inrepeats I 111 V and the cards on cylinder B governing the design in thealternate repeats II 1V VI, as before described. It will be seen that anordinary straight repeat of width equal to two repeats will be producedin the fabric. In the single-acting-cylinder jacquard shown in Fig. 1the above is done on one side of the machine only, as shown in Fig. 7.In the jacquard described in Fig. 3, it beinga doubleacting cylinder,this is done on both sides of the machine, while in the cross borderingjacquard described in Fig. 4: it may be done on either side desired oron both sides. If done only on any one used to produce a straight repeatof double width, while the remaining side is still used to produce adropped repeat; but if done on both sides then the straight repeat willbe produced by both sides of the jacquard.

All the foregoing descriptions are applicable to a design on which thepattern is dropped for one-half the total length of the repeat; but thedesign can equally well be arranged to 'drop some other definiteproportion of the length of the repeat, as one-quarter, one-third,three-quarters, or two-thirds.

Fig. 6 shows pattern arranged to drop onethird the length of its repeat.Using the same lettering as in Fig. 2 and taking nine hundred cards asthe total length of the repeat, Nos. 1 to 300 on X X is made to joinwith Nos. 601 to 900 on Y.Y, and edge 301-900 on X X to join with edge 1to 600 on Y Y. This kind of dropped-repeat design could be worked uponany of the jacquards above described, a different proportion, however,than one-half the cards being borne by each carrier and one cylinderbeing a different number of the total proportion of cards in the repeatthan onehalf in advance of the cards upon the other cylinder, accordingto the arrangement of the side, that side may be design. An extension ofthe system of numbering the cards could also be adopted employ ing morethan one distinctive mark and numbering the cards in more than twosequences. In the design shown at Fig. 6 one-third of the cards would beborne by one carrier and two-thirds by the other. The cards on onecylinder would lead by one-third the total number of cards in therepeat, and the cards would be numbered in three sequences with twodistinctive marks.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

A Jacquard loom comprising two series of leash-hooks arranged tocontrol-adjacent series of warp-threads, a series of horizontal needlesfor one set of hooks, a second series of hori- GEORGE HERBERT BROWN.

WILLIAM RICHEY MOMURRAY. MICHAEL CORBET ANDREWS.

Witnesses: 7

ROBERT JOHN 700%, SAMUEL CATHCART BLACK.

